Essay on Cause of the American Civil War - 1732 Words

The cause of the American Civil War has been a politicized subject for the past 152 years. There are many different theories for what the main cause is, however the best answer is an all of the above approach. The cause of the war that divided the nation cannot be narrowly defined into a single issue but each cause is affected and tied together. The main causes that resulted in the Civil War were the issue of nullification, tariffs, but most importantly just an overall difference in their ways of life. Yes, slavery was a cause of the war, but that was not one of the central causes that popular belief has engrained in us all, however, the role that slavery had will be discussed. These reasons all-fed off each other, which eventually†¦show more content†¦Most of the enlisted men who fought and died overwhelmingly said on both sides stated that the preservation or abolition of slavery was not the main cause of the war. James McPhearson’s book, For Causes and Comrad es: Why Men fought in the Civil War, highlights these causes, and stated, â€Å"Relatively few Union volunteers mentioned the slavery issue when they enlisted† . McPhearson uses letters written home or diaries as his example and most do not touch upon the issue. The question of slavery truly became important after the Emancipation Proclamation, in 1862-3. The North started to string victories together, moved further down south, and they witnessed slavery firsthand. That is when the average Union soldier began to care about the issue of slavery, well into 1863. The reason why most men enlisted in the Union in 1861 was for one major reason, that was patriotism and keeping the spirit of 1776 alive. The Northern view on the spirit of 1776 was the goal of preserving the Union that was created by the Founding Fathers. As one Yankee Volunteer declared, â€Å"I do feel that the liberty of the world is placed in our hands to defend and if we are overcome then farewell to freedom† . Union soldiers believed and fought for the idea that America continued to be the last best hope for freedom. The soldiers believed that a defeat would weaken America’s perception by EuropeansShow MoreRelatedCauses Of The American Civil War760 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil War was one of the most momentous and pivotal periods in U.S history. After decades of tension between the North and South over matters involving expansion, slavery, and the states rights these caused the beginning of a horrific devastating time known as the American Civil War, that lasted between 1861-1865. Within these 4 long barbaric and destructive years, it led to an innumerous amount of political, social, and economical changes for the U.S. Leaving 2.4 million dead and millionsRead MoreCause Of The American Civil War1403 Words   |  6 Pagesdebates on the causes of the American Civil War. Many have stated that slavery was the primary cause for the Civil War. Some historians have argued that there were other causes of the Civil War. The one thing that all historians agreed upon was the division between the North (known as the Union) and the South (known as the Confederacy) that escalated on the soil of the United States of America (In Stampp, 1965). The battle between the two states is what created the â€Å"American Civil War.† The AmericanRead MoreCauses of the American Civil War2672 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿ The American Civil War: Causes, Victor, and Validity Keagan Koerber History 205 Professor Childress December 9, 2014 The slightest mention of the American Civil War is enough to bring graphic and often horrifying images into one’s head: mountains of dead soldiers, amputations without anesthesia, and diseases running rampant. The Civil War was a war that no one wished for, it resulted in the deaths of several hundred thousand American lives, but it is often justified by itsRead MoreCauses Of The American Civil War1769 Words   |  8 PagesThe American Civil War was one of the most tragic events in American history. The American Civil War began on April 12, 1861 and ended on May 9, 1865. It was a bloody war between states. Hundreds of thousands of men died in the American Civil war. The war was fought between brothers and friends on each side. The issue of slavery was dividing the nation apart and it was a fight to death. The Confederate States of America seceded because they wanted slavery to continue and believed that they did notRead MoreThe Causes Of The American Civil War Essay2218 Words   |  9 PagesDay One: Grades: Elementary grade level 5th-6th Goal: Students will be able to identify the causes of the American Civil War. Objectives: 1. Students will be able to compare the cultures and economies of the Northern and Southern states. 2. Students will be able to summarize the main points of the Missouri Compromise, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Declaration of Causes of the Seceding States. 3. Students will be able to discuss the actions of John Brown at Harpers Ferry and the reaction ofRead MoreThe Main Cause Of The American Civil War1047 Words   |  5 Pagesone main cause of the American Civil war must be resolved, and while there are many ideas, history reveals that there was only one. There are many arguable motives to the start of the Civil War, but there are four main concepts. These four concepts were slavery, taxation, the election of Abraham Lincoln and lastly, struggling with power between the Northern and Southern states. To start with, the end of slavery is undoubtedly one of the most popular arguments to the creation of the Civil War. WhileRead MoreThe Ultimate Causes Of The American Civil War941 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Civil War was a war fought within the United States of America between the North (Union) and the South (Confederacy) The war was one of the most critical events in American history. â€Å"It is estimated that 623,000 soldiers died during the Civil War†(Garrison) starting from 1861 and ending in 1865. While many still debate the ultimate causes of the Civil War, author James McPherson writes that, The Civil War started because of uncompromising differences between the free and slave statesRead MoreCauses of the American Civil War Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War was caused by a myriad of conflicting pressures, principles, and prejudices, fueled by sectional differences and pride, and set into motion by a most unlikely set of political events. From the co lonial period in America where the institution of slavery began, through the period of the revolution whereby blood was shed to validate the notion that all men were created equal (yet slavery existed in all thirteen colonies), to the era of the Civil War itself, it is undoubtedly clear thatRead MoreCauses of the American Civil War Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pagesversion of the civil war and even now I am just coming to a full understanding of the truth. The civil war was a terrible rift in our nation, fought between the northern states (known as the union) and the southern states (the Confederate States of America). The people’s opinions were so divided over the issues of the civil war that, in some families, brother was pit against brother. Eventually, the south succumbed to the north and surrendered on April 9th, 1865 but not before the war had caused 618Read MoreMajor Cause Of The American Civil War1224 Words   |  5 PagesMAJOR CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR I. Introduction to Civil War The American Civil War was a war within the United States of America fought by the North (Union) and the South (Confederacy) starting from 1861 and ending in 1865. This war was one of the most devastating events in American history, consuming more than 600,000 lives. It was thought to be one that molded the character of the American individual today. This war was seen as a War for Southern Independence or War of Rebellion for the

My Personal Experience of Culture - 1816 Words

That was it. I decided that I was no longer willing to live in a society filled with immoralities and with people that are mainly determined to follow a standard pattern throughout their lives. The past years influenced me in seeing the world through different eyes. The fact that I saw numerous individuals actively involved in receiving social acceptance virtually made me sick. The reason why I was sick was that I knew that most of these people had dreams, an unique personality, and everything it took in order for them to be successful from their own point of view, not from the social orders perspective. Society has historically had the tendency to influence people in putting across certain behaviors. Some of these behaviors are moral in character and people are expected to take them on for their personal wellbeing and for societys wellbeing as a whole. Even with these, other behaviors can be damaging for ones personal identity, considering that the respective person no longer has the ability to distinguish between ideas that are his or hers and ideas that have been induced as a result of the environment that they live in. It all started when I realized that my dreams were not actually my dreams. Surely, this might sound confusing, but read on and you are going to get a better understanding of what I am talking about. So ¦I discovered that my objectives had been instilled in me throughout my childhood by my parents, by my teachers, and by society as a whole throughShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Experience Of My Arabic Culture874 Words   |  4 PagesArabic Culture Culture is a very significant attribute of human experience determining to a large extend the way people relate with others within their environment. According to Mahfouz (2011), culture is also important not just for managing the way understand and relate with each other but also as a form of identification giving people a sense of belonging and identity. The human race is highly cultured with many different people preferring to lead their lives based on traditions definedRead MoreThe Importance Of A Culturally Competent Educator1163 Words   |  5 Pagesthe cultures of their school’s community. Furthermore, this competence has the potential to become developed inside and outside the classroom. As a future educator, my plan is to grasp the personal knowledge of the cultures in my school’s community through participating in volunteer work in the designated area. Additionally, I can expand the understanding of the proper approach for teaching students in com munities with diverse cultures though reading books with similar experiences. Finally, my planRead MoreAn Indian Father s Plea Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesHelena Wood 10/2016 Period:4 ELM 2 Do you think that your culture impacts your decisions more than your personal opinion does? Or maybe that your culture has nothing to do with your viewpoint? There is a lot of controversy on this topic. A person s culture majorly affects how one views the world, however personal opinion, experiences also play a role. Personal experiences help to shape people into who they are today. Personal experiences shape how you respond to situations. In â€Å"An Indian Father’sRead MoreHow Does Power Affect The Development Of My Personal Development?934 Words   |  4 PagesThe processes associated with power, and privilege have shaped my relationship and greatly impacted the development of my personal identity; these influences have shaped me to be strong, independent, resilient woman I am today playing a huge role in my personal development. Power is defined as the ability to control. Privilege, is invisible in the sense by looking at someone one can’t tell if they are privileged or not, you as the individuals are privileged, based on the advantage that you have.Read MoreThe And Family Therapist Is Influenced By Personal Experiences That Impact And Transform An Individual1111 Words   |  5 Pagestherapist is commonly influenced by personal experiences that impact and transform an individual. My experience involves countless medical appointments, multipl e misdiagnoses, and an extraordinary will to persevere. The culmination of this arduous experience was my son’s Autism diagnosis at the age of three, prior to this diagnosis I worked tirelessly to obtain the help my child my needed. Being a parent of a special needs child leaves little to no option of failing; hence my child has taught me to be strongRead MoreHow Does Self Awareness Affects And Impedes The Process Of Providing Appropriate Therapeutic Care?919 Words   |  4 Pagesand difference in worldview, but in order to increase personal and professional development as a counselor, you must be aware of resources and agencies at your disposal that you can use to properly serve clients from all cultures. When I look at when I started the course I was pretty sure that I was abreast and aware of what culture is, and what it consists of, and honestly I was wrong. At this point, I have come to the realization that culture is more than where you come from and a language, butRead MoreDavid Kolb s Framework Of Experiential Learning1534 Words   |  7 Pagesbig proponent of ESL learning, what my case study consists of, can be compared to David Kolb’s framework of experiential learning. Kolb’s experiential learning cycle features four stages: the concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation, and active experimentation. The first stage, concrete experience, involves doing or having an experience. The second stage, reflective observation, involves reviewing or reflecting on the experience. The third stage, abstract conceptualisationRead MoreEssay about The Effects of Values on Decision Making1022 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Values on Decision Making The purpose of this paper is to examine how personal, organizational, and cultural values affect decision making in my personal and professional life. My cultural, organizational and personal values represent my beliefs and traditions of my cultural environment. Through my research, I examined values and based them on how important they are within my personal, organizational, work, and cultural lifestyle. Based on the research, I came to the conclusionRead MoreCultural Values Essay example1059 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The purpose of this paper is to examine how personal, organizational, and cultural values affect decision making in my personal and professional life. My cultural, organizational and personal values represent my beliefs and traditions of my cultural environment. Through my research, I examined values and based them on how important they are within my personal, organizational, work, and cultural lifestyle. Based on the research, I came to the conclusion knowing the foundational elementsRead MoreA Reflection On Cross Cultural Management1270 Words   |  6 Pagesmulticultural atmosphere. In this reflection essay, I would like to share some experiences about cross-cultural collision and the effect of these in my life. This essay also includes what I learned through these experiences and what new insights I came up with to guide my life based on theories of IBUS6002 (Cross-cultural Management). The first experience happened in my daily life. Sylva who is a native Australia is my first landlady in Sydney. She has two daughters (Lily and Lucy) and a son (Shine)

Global Opinion About Health By Thomas Pogge -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss The Global Opinion About Health By Thomas Pogge? Answer: Introduction This paper relates to the opinion of Thomas Pogge concerning global health and other aspects relating to the entire health system. In the medical sector, there are a lot of technicalities that must be established with zeal and tenacity so as to arrive at genuine conclusions and recommendations. It is a duty of any medical expert to fully comply with these technicalities so as to avoid inaccurate diagnosis of the terminal illness and other common health issues. Therefore, it is in order to give opinions about the issues affecting the entire globe so as to reach to amicable solutions. Opinions are subject to rejection and acceptance depending on the interpretation of the hypothesis by individuals. In this case, the opinion of Thomas Pogge about global health will be subjected on hypothetical test that will critically establish reasons for acceptance or rejection. This result of the analysis will be my opinion about global health by of course analyzing the understanding of Thomas Pogge on the same matter at hand. Opinion about global health by Thomas Pogge. According to the interpretation and opinions asserted by Thomas Pogge concerning the global health, it is asserted that lessening medical condition at higher rate relies on the relationship between these conditions and the population density[1]. That is, the impact demonstrated to the patients suffering from such conditions by the rest of the population. Maybe through stigmatization and the likes of effects impacted on them. He also asserts that human beings have a lot of obligation to assist any individual whom sufferings were directly impacted by the rest of the population. It is also important to ensure that no one should be hurt by any negligible act done by us as opposed to not felling as obligated to assist individuals sufferings that were caused by aspects outside our extreme control. The stated agreement by Thomas is that, human population need to shape all the institutional orders that happen to contribute any medical conditions. It should shape on assisting the suffering from Lessing medical conditions. According to his thesis, human population have moral obligation that strongly direct assistance to prevent any other medical conditions. His moral reasoning is rejected by his opinion by asserting that human beings have equal moral obligations to assist patients suffering from these conditions regardless of them being foreigners or compatriots[2]. That is, if the population is directly involved in bringing forth the underlying suffering, then they need to give a lot of contributions in assisting these individuals to realize their potential. All human beings need to ensure that any institutional order apply the mandate and authority to avoid direct involvement in causing medical conditions. All human being must ensure that all institutional order that is applied by the authority fail to involve causing medical implication and medical conditions, and if it bring forth a medical condition, it puts the focus on and prioritizes alleviating or preventing all these medical conditions. According to his thesis, is not sensitive to whether the sufferers are compatriots or foreigners. Actually, Thomas asserts that the human population should be involved in helping with the medical conditions of foreigners and compatriots whom we are materially involved and highly affected by the negligence of the other human population[3]. However, the medical conditions of compatriots have not caused or involved in causing any impact on the moral obligations of human population. Thomas offers a case study of how national institutional schemes of third world nations have influenced the international institutional schemes of these third world developing nations until recently, most of third world nations have allowed their firms to pay bribes to officials of developing countries, such authorization and moral support for bribery have greatly contributed to how corrupted things are in developing countries[4]. Since the social institutions of the developed countries and the global institutional order these countries support contribute to the reproduction of poverty, then its hard to deny that the citizens of said developed countries are therefore materially involved in it as well. Its true that the politicians of developed countries shape these institutions, but these developed countries are fairly democratic where the citizens have a choice of picking a politician or political plan from a variety of choices, and that if they really wanted to eliminate or alleviate poverty internationally and domestically, theyd choose the politician whose policies uphold that[5]. However, these citizens choose whoever caters to their own interest, and therefore, they are materially involved in the poverty issue in developing countries. My opinion on Thomas Pogge. The ideal portrayed by Thomas is very critical as far as global health is concerned. Therefore my stand on his opinion is positive. Therefore, there is a perfect positive correlation between his opinion and my understanding of the entire global health. The entire thesis that Thomas asserted based all the arguments have positive sense to the improvement of the global health. All human population needs to have moral obligations to ensuring proper treatment to all the patients suffering from lessening medical conditions. These factors need to be fully proportional to the human undertaking[6]. All the institutional orders should be highly monitored to avoid causing the implications to all the patients suffering from lessening medical conditions. The main opinion to Thomas concerning the issue of medical conditions on global health is highly associated to the take of the human population on the reasonable ground of maintaining healthy relationships with the people suffering from the medical conditions. My main opinion on his assertion to support his argument is based on the underlying aspects on global health section[7]. It is very important for all human population to join hand in promoting all health issues so as to assist all the individuals suffering from all these suffering. The fact remain that all human population have a moral obligation of assisting all people suffering from the various medication conditions[8]. It is a bad intuition for human population to cause sufferings to fellow human beings. Therefore, am in full support of Thomas assertions and opinions on global health issue References Cameron, John. Current Surgical Therapy. Elsevier, 2017. Cydvika, Rita. Tintinallis Emergency Medicine Manual. McGraw- Hill Education/Medical, 2017. Lash, Scott, and John Urry.Economies of Signs Space. London: Sage Publications, 2014 MacDonald, Susan Peck. The Erasure of Language.College Composition and Communication58, no. 4 (2007): 585-625. Moore, Ernest. Trauma, Eighth Edition. McGraw-Hill Education/Medical, 2017 Owens, William. The Advanced Ventilator Book. First Draught Press, 2017 Vincent, Jean-Louis. Textbook of Critical Care, 7e. Elsevier, 2017. Walls, Ron. Rosens Emergency Medicine. Concepts and Clinical Practice. 2-volume set. Elsevier, 2017.

Paradise Road free essay sample

â€Å"In times of conflict, one must adapt in order to survive. † In my expository essay, I intend to discuss the necessity for people to adapt or overcome obstacles they may come across in life. Doing so, I will elaborate on the outcomes of compromise through adaptation as well as the consequences of stubbornness and refusal to change. These ideas are particularly relevant to modern day society, due to the ubiquitous power imbalance on global, political, economic and social levels forcing a significant portion of people to have to hinder themselves in order to avoid conflicting with those of an obstinate temperament. In order to support these ideas, I am particularly interested in referencing from Bruce Beresford’s â€Å"Paradise Road†, where through the observation of the character â€Å"Imogene† it is ostensible that those who display less of a will to adapt to the circumstances of the Sumatran war prison are less likely to survive in the condition. We will write a custom essay sample on Paradise Road or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Early in the prison camp, Imogene refuses to participate in any group work due to her imperious belief that she is above everyone in the camp from a social perspective. She is condescending, snobbish and xenophobic. However, when she learns that Wing practically died in order for her to treat her malaria, we observe through an extreme close-up on her face that she is suddenly overwhelmed by a feeling of guilt and sorrow due to her previously held previously held prejudices. Immediately after this scene, we observe a sudden increase in participation and cooperation from Imogene. A person’s journey through life should not and will not be like driving down a smooth road; simple, consistent and predictable. There are always potholes, bumps along the way; obstacles we must overcome or avoid in order to keep moving forward. If we don’t respond to these obstacles, we may crash, leading us to a halt, setback or even an end to our journey. Adaptation to whatever conflict we encounter is essential. Whether we adapt through compromise, evasion or dictation, we must respond to the conflict we encounter in order to be able to conquer it and look past it.

Greater Athletic Training Yeilds Lower Pulse Rate After Stre essays

Greater Athletic Training Yeilds Lower Pulse Rate After Stre essays GREATER ATHLETIC TRAINING YEILDS LOWER PULSE RATE AFTER STRENUOUS ACTIVITY This experiment was performed to investigate the hypothesis: greater athletic training yields a lower pulse rate after strenuous activity. After performing Experiments 15.1 and 15.2 (Dickey 1995), our team decided to measure the increase in heart rate from resting to active between members of the same sex but with different athletic training experience. Our team was interested in investigated whether athletic training has an effect on pulse rate after strenuous activity. Athletic ability is subjective, therefore after evaluation, our team decided upon one common variable that could be measured in this type of experiment. The three subjects were asked to provide an average of miles ran during one week of cardiovascular training. To measure pulse rate, we used the standard method of holding the index and middle fingers to the carotid artery in the neck for 15 seconds. Multiplying this number by 4 gives the pulse rate per minute. Our prediction was that the higher the athletic training, the lower the resting pulse rate and pulse rate after strenuous activity. Before beginning the physical aspect of out experiment, we took the resting pulse rates of all three subjects as a basis for comparison after the subjects performed the cardiovascular exercise. The subjects were then asked the level of cardiovascular training in miles per week on average. Subject 1 reported having less than 1 mile of cardio training per week, while subject 2 reported 3 miles of cardio training per week, and followed by subject 3 having over 15 miles of cardio training per week. After recording all three subjects resting pulse rates, our team moved the subjects to a stairwell, where they preceded to walk the stairs at a moderate speed. The subjects walked the stairs for 4 minutes. At the end of 4 minutes, the subjects were asked to ...

Reconsider Planting Leyland Cypress in Your Yard

Reconsider Planting Leyland Cypress in Your Yard The rapidly-growing Leyland cypress tree, or  Cupressocyparis leylandii,  quickly outgrows its space in a typical yard, unless properly and regularly trimmed. These trees have the potential to grow to 60 feet tall. They are not a practical tree to plant as a small yard hedge on tight, six- to eight-foot  centers. Tight spacing of the plant means that you must commit major time and effort to constant pruning. Leyland cypress is a  short-lived conifer, with a typical lifespan of 20 to 25 years, and will eventually have to be removed. Even properly-spaced trees left to grow may have limited root support, and are subject to being blown down during high winds if planted on wet soils. Consider the work needed to maintain a Leyland cypress before planting one. Why Not Plant Leyland Cypress? A study of Leyland cypress done at the University of Tennessee indicated that a lot of damage on these trees is simply environmental, and not always directly caused by a disease or insect. The study indicated that stress from a harsh winter can cause sporadic limb die off among Leyland cypress trees. Leyland cypresses grow into large, mature trees at 60-plus feet tall with a potential 20-plus foot spread. When they are planted as hedges on tight centers less of than 10 feet, there will be a major competitive  struggle for nutrients and shading. When needles turn brown or drop, the tree is reacting to environmental stresses. Leyland cypress trees do not tolerate many diseases and insects well, especially when environmental stressors are present. Spacing and soil may create an environment that can cause future stress on these trees. Planting Leyland cypress too close together or too close to other trees and structures that shade them can decrease vigor and increase pest damage. Caring for an Existing Tree Eliminating moisture stress on Leyland cypress through watering techniques can help lessen the occurrence of canker diseases. In particular, Leyland cypress is susceptible to Seiridium canker. There is no control for this disease other than to prune out the infected plant part. Watering is a long-term commitment for the Leyland cypress owner. These trees should be watered during any period of dry weather and should receive at least 1 inch of water per week. Pour the water at the base of the tree, and do not spray water on the foliage with sprinklers or watering techniques that can cause various  tree disease. As these tree age and lose lower foliage, consider removing Leyland cypress individually as they deteriorate, and replace each with a deciduous evergreen tree like wax myrtle.

History 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

History 2 - Essay Example This happened in the march of 1985. It was as a result of the emergence of younger communists. These people had radical thinking and were fed up with the years of stagnation in the Soviet Union both politically and economically. Gorbachev had a team of reform-oriented technocrats who thought that economic development was at a very slow pace in USSR (Brown, 1996). With these things in mind and a hope to achieve rapid economic development, Gorbachev introduced programs like glasnost that is political openness and perestroika, which meant Economic restructuring (R.English, 2000). Adding to it was the policy named Uskoreniye, which meant gearing up of economic development. These policies came up in 1986 (Brown, 1996). These can be marked as the main weapons that led to the dismantling of the great Soviet Union (Helene, 1992). As the conservatives at that time did not agree with Gorbachev regarding these reforms by the name of economic restructuring, he introduced glasnost stating that th e transformations in the economy would be difficult to achieve without corresponding changes in the political scenario in the nation (R.English, 2000). Gorbachev thought that these reforms would speed up the Economic development of USSR and was confident that he would have people’s support by having their views in a wide range of openness through glasnost. However Glasnost resulted in an unexpected situation where freedom of speech became much more prominent and the fourth estate’s domination started (David, 1994). This gave the opportunity for press to be more comfortable in expressing the loopholes in Soviet Union and the hidden truths that were never known to people. Many political prisoners were released as a result and USSR was a topic that was free to explore by many foreign sources as well (David, 1994). Many topics that were hidden in the past were now brought to light. People started to become aware of the

Discuss the different outlooks and experiences of Native Americans and Essay

Discuss the different outlooks and experiences of Native Americans and the Spanish Conquistidors during the colonial period of american history - Essay Example For the Indians part, the arrival of the Spaniards was originally thought to be the return of a god, Quetzalcoatl. This is indicated in many reports by the Spanish that tend to highlight the naivetà © of the Indians, but is also mentioned in the written record of the Indians: â€Å"It was as if he [Motecuhzoma] thought the new arrival was our prince Quetzalcoatl. This is what he felt in his heart: He has appeared! He has come back! He will come here, to the place of his throne and canopy, for that is what he promised when he departed!† (Leon-Portilla, year). However, while the Spanish insisted that this impression was long-lasting, the Indians themselves indicate that they quickly understood that this was not the god they had expected. While those in Tenochititlan understood this as the Spaniards proceeded to burn all their sacred treasures with eyes filled with greed, the Cibola tribes and other plains tribes similarly could not submit their own religious beliefs and lives t o the greed and domination of the Spaniards. For their part, the Spanish seem not to have been completely unsympathetic to the plight of the Indians that had been encountered. Juan Jaramillo (1896) describes his expedition with some detail, indicating highly practical Indian populations who had not only two-story houses, but innovative constructions such as hot rooms built underground against the chill of the winters and the hide-covered constructions (teepees) that others used as a means of portable housing to follow the herds of buffalo. While he does not indicate these people were rich by any means, he does indicate that they were courteous, welcoming and content with their lives upon their first encounter. However, investigations into reports of â€Å"cruelties† committed by the Spaniards turned out an interview of Juan Troyano, whose testimony seemed somewhat puzzled as to why the Indians would not immediately and peacefully surrender everything they

Effects of Alcohol Essay Example for Free

Effects of Alcohol Essay Alcohol can have some good benefits and then some bad ones, for example when you drink you can encounter yourself having a good time laughing and joking around with your friends, or you can find yourself angry wanting to argue and start fights with everybody. If you’re a â€Å"happy drunk† you probably don’t have bad alcoholism in your family, and you can control your drinking with the attitudes it may drag along. While on the other hand if you’re an â€Å"angry drunk† you may not be able to control what you do when you drink such as the amount of alcohol you consume or the attitudes that may come along with drinking. Alcoholic content in most alcoholic drinks is measured in proof, which is about half of the actual content of alcohol in the drink. An example is a 90 proof whiskey actually only contains 45 percent alcohol. Beer is one of the beverages containing the lowest proof. They range from 2 to 6 percent. Wines have anywhere from 14 percent or less. Fortified wines which have other alcoholic beverages included will be in a higher range. While drinking each of these different alcoholic beverages, each one of them has different serving sizes like with whiskey 1 serving is about half a shot glass, one serving of beer is a 12oz can of beer and the smaller amount of whiskey will get you drunk way faster than beer. When drinking you need to keep track of what you are drinking and at how fast of a pace because if you drink fast you will reach your state of being drunk a lot faster and the buzz be a lot more intense than you may want. But if you are drinking at a slow pace and not drinking those hard alcohol drinks your buzz will come a lot slower and easier to contain. In some of the first steps of alcoholism the image of drinking is no longer to socialize and have a good time it becomes a necessity to cope with life to escape from stress, inhibitions and anxiety. Early in the disease of alcoholism the person with the drinking problem starts to depend on the mood changing aspects of alcohol. Another aspect of the first stage of alcoholism is that a gradual increase in tolerance develops, meaning that increasing amounts of alcohol are needed in order to feel a high or a buzz. When your tolerance goes up you need to consume more alcohol, so might change to stronger drinks which may have different effects on yourself and change your personality severely making people that you once held close in your life to drift away and leave your all alone with only yourself and your drink. The person with the drinking problem starts to avoid family and friends and experiences a loss of interest in activities that used to be fun or important causing them to lose their job and other fun activities forcing them to fall into a deep depression then they may not have anywhere to turn besides the bottle of alcohol so they can deal with life the only way they know how to now. Soon an alcoholic will need to have a drink as soon as possible like when they just wake up in the morning so they don’t have to deal with the true reality of their life, calming there nerves or to lessen the hangover so soon being drunk all day everyday becomes a regular routine in daily life. Coming alone with being drunk that much has some very bad effects like, an increase in failed promises and resolutions to ones self and to others, Frequent violent or destructive behavior, The start of physical deterioration and all this will lead to major problems with the law such as DUIs and jail time which could also bring along thoughts of suicide. Now at this point of alcoholism it is more than likely the person will not be able to hold a full time job like they could have in the earlier stage of becoming an alcoholic because drinking starts earlier in the day and usually continues all day long. Then once the person has come all this way the body is not going to be able to deal with this frequent drinking because alcoholism causes a number of medical conditions and cancers. The noncancerous medical problems with this horrible addiction/disease can include, Harm to the fetus while the mother is pregnant, cardiovascular problems such as high blood pressure, heart failure, and strokes, impaired learning ability, kidney and liver failure, diabetes, alcohol poisoning and sexual problems such as erectile dysfunction and impotence in men are just some of the few side effects with alcoholism. Some of the cancerous problems that may come along are Stomach, Liver, Esophagus, Kidney and Colon cancer. When or if an alcoholic comes to reality and wants to quit drinking if forced by family and friends or medical conditions and can be too late for them because if a person has been addicted to alcohol for a long period of time their body is more than likely dependent on the daily consumption of alcohol and cannot function without. They could have been diagnosed with a cancerous symptom from drinking and need to quit or they will die, but on the other hand they can die from the sudden stop of drinking. Alcoholism is one of the most dangerous addictions’/ diseases’ out there because there is no cure and causes more deaths than a good deal of other drugs and addictive’s. Many studies have concluded that alcoholism is as addictive as or more addictive than heroin or cocaine, therefore before getting stuck going down the dead end road of alcoholism think twice.

The Guardian Ad Litem Program :: essays research papers

The Guardian Ad Litem Program represents children who appear in the state courts. These children have not committed any crime but are victims of abuse, neglect or abandonment. The program is comprised of volunteers who represent children in the courts, making sure they do not become victims of "the system". Each volunteer works with one or more children involved in the judicial system and social services agencies, becoming familiar with there lives, while representing the interest of each child before the court or social services agencies involved. Specifically, a volunteer acts in the interest of each child in five different capacities. First, as an investigator, a guardian learns as much as possible about the child' background (i.e. school, church, friends, and any otherpeople/organizations that affect the child). As a monitor, a guardian makes sure social services agencies, and any other organizations involved with the child are meeting their responsibilities to the chi ld. As a protector, a guardian prevents insensitive questioning in the courts that is very often commonplace. As a reporter, a guardian is a liaison between the child and the courts, presentingwritten reports and recommendations to help act in the child's best interests. Finally, as a spokesperson, a guardian makes sure the child's wishes are heard and their best interests are presented to the courts and social services agencies involved with the child. Qualifications to be a Guardian Ad Litem are: at least 19 years old; pass screenings with law enforcement agencies, the Abuse Registry, and Guardian Ad Litem staff; and have a genuine concern for a child's welfare. No prior experience is necessary as each volunteer goes through 48 hours of training, ranging from juvenile justice, child development, and child abuse and neglect.

Definitions of Economics by Adam Smith and Alfred Marshall Essay

According to J B Say, economics was defined as: â€Å"Science which deals with wealth†. According to the definitions as pronounced by Adam Smith and J B Say, the main focus of study for economics has been defined as â€Å"accumulation of wealth† or â€Å"science of wealth†. The following are the merits of the definition pertaining to science of wealth: 1.It focuses on important aspects of economics like production, distribution etc., 2.It highlighted an important problem faced by each and every nation of the wealth, namely creation of wealth and 3.The problem of poverty and unemployment can be solved if wealth is produced and distributed equitably. The following are the demerits with regard to the definition pertaining to science of wealth: †¢It concentrates only on material wealth and ignores creation of immaterial wealth like services of doctors, chartered accountants etc., †¢It also ignores social welfare †¢Science of material well-being: Under this group of definitions, the emphasis is on welfare as compared with wealth in the matter of group. Alfred Marshall, the neo-classicist raised economics from its ignoble position to a noble one and it was he who shifted the emphasis from wealth to welfare. Economics was defined as follows according to him: â€Å"Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life and it examines that part of individual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with the use of the material requisites of well-being. Thus, it is on the one side a study of wealth and on the other and more important side, a part of the study of man†. It can be seen that economics has been defined as a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life. Ordinary business of life means those activities which occupy considerable part of human effort. The fulfillment of economic needs is a very important business which every man ordinarily does. According to Professor Marshall, economics has been understood as the study of wealth; however, it is also the study of man, his desires and necessities. The following are the demerits in defining economics as the science of material well-being: †¢It ignores things like services of singers, teachers, actors etc., †¢It is very difficult to state that which things would lead to welfare and which will not. Reference: http://classof1.com/homework-help/economics-homework-help

Public Fiscal Administration Essay

Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance shifts emphasis away from narrow economic factors to more broadly defined political and institutional factors that affect government policy and national debt. This collection brings together new theoretical models, empirical evidence, and a series of in-depth case studies to analyze the effect of political institutions, fiscal regulations, and policy decisions on accumulating deficits. It provides a fascinating overview of the political and economic issues involved and highlights the role of budgetary institutions in the formation of budget deficits. While our roundtable considered differences between two states as points of departure, we believe the principles identified in our exchanges apply to other state environments as well. In fact, a major objective of this paper is to encourage other states to consider these questions in light of their own policies and performance. These are the key questions our roundtable participants suggested that any state should ask as it seeks to improve the performance of its higher education institutions in advancing public priorities. 1. To what extent has a state defined the public purposes it expects higher education institutions to help accomplish? Are the purposes a state seeks to achieve through its colleges and universities clearly articulated? Do institutional leaders and policymakers share a common understanding of those purposes? A first step for any state that seeks to improve the performance of its higher education system is to pose and publicly debate a core set of questions concerning that system: What is the rationale that justifies a state’s spending for institutional appropriation, capital construction, or financial aid? Is that rationale clearly defined? Is it consciously examined, debated, and reaffirmed at regular intervals in the arenas of public policy? Or have the arguments that justify a state’s expenditures for higher education become vestiges of a distant past, subject to differing memories and interpretations? A state needs the political will to set the public agenda-to form ulate clear definitions of the public purposes it expects higher education institutions to help attain. As the needs of society itself evolve, the ends a state seeks to achieve through its colleges and universities can also change. For this reason, the question of higher education’s role in advancing the public weal needs to be  revisited periodically. At the same time, a state needs to assess how well the policies and programs currently in place actually achieve their intended goals. In the absence of such periodic reviews, states tend to increase their expectations of higher education institutions-to add new expectations-without considering how the new expectations relate to those in place from an earlier time. States must also work to maintain a balance between the evolution of their own public purposes on the one hand and the evolution of institutional goals on the other. A state that allows unspoken and implicit priorities to prevail over principles that are publicly debated and affirmed effectively accords more autonomy to institutions in pursuing their own directions. Ultimately, states that do not articulate their purposes may find themselves maintaining institutions for reasons that are increasingly vague and ambiguous. 2. How well do a state’s fiscal appropriation practices align with the mandates of its higher education policies? What combination of policy mandate and incentives is most effective in motivating institutions toward the achievement of public purposes? Providing a rationale and framework for supporting higher education institutions is half the task confronting state policymakers. Through a combination of statutory authority and resource allocation, a state must work to ensure that institutions fulfill the public purposes its policymakers have identified. The authority of educational policy derives from the constitutional power of a state’s elected representatives. While respecting the operational flexibility of higher education institutions, these officials help determine institutional priorities by establishing state policies. Beyond the mandate of policy, however, a state must be willing to appropriate the resources needed to achieve given purposes. A state’s budgetary appropriation to institutions is a most telling statement of public policy with regard to higher education; by the amount and the kind of funding it provides, a state sends an explicit or implicit signal about its priorities for higher education. For reasons beyond its control, a state may sometimes fail to provide sufficient funding for institutions to carry out its public purposes to the extent or at the level of quality it desires. While unforeseen shortfalls in the budget are inevitable in some years, a state that systematically underfunds its higher education system loses some ability to influence institutions in terms of quality or direction. Ultimately, a state and its higher education system need to define what constitutes a reasonable exchange of product for price. While some institutions prefer formula-driven or incremental increases in the funding they receive, public officials have occasionally sought to link a portion of an institution’s funding to the achievement of a particular objective, such as enrollment, retention, or degree completion. A state must exercise caution to ensure that the funding incentives it establishes in fact motivate the behaviors it desires in institutions. The international perspective of our roundtable provided a telling example of the need for policymakers to ensure that the fulfillment of a public purpose falls within the interests of institutions themselves. South Africa, until recently, used the technique of penalizing institutions whose students did not achieve acceptable levels of performance. Rather than spurring institutions to foster heightened achievement in their existing student bodies, this policy often caused higher education institutions to seek higher-achieving students in order to avoid incurring penalty, in effect heightening the barriers to access for many students. The country is now finalizing a new funding system with incentives to institutions that improve the performance of lower-achieving students. Fiscal strategy is not the only means by which a state can influence institutional behavior. If designed carefully, with an awareness of what motivates institutions, however, the alignment of funding with the achievement of public purposes can be an effective means of improving a state’s higher education performance. 3. To what extent do a state’s tuition and financial aid policies contribute to increased higher education participation and completion? The amount of tuition charged at public institutions, in addition to state programs of financial aid and assistance, are central elements of a state’s fiscal policy. It sometimes occurs that a state’s public officials have not formulated an explicit policy regarding tuition, and in such instances, the very lack of specificity constitutes a policy decision. A primary lesson from the AIHEPS research and from experience in many other settings is the importance of need-based programs of financial aid and assistance to foster higher education participation and completion among the most needy. Financial aid is the area in which a state’s higher education policy intersects most substantially with federal programs; the kinds of financial aid a state  makes available in conjunction with Pell Grants and other federal aid programs define the contours of affordability for students in that setting. Both New Jersey and New Mexico exemplify a strong commitment to access, and both take substantial steps to ensure that financial need does not become a barrier to enrolling and completing a degree program in a college or university. In addition to its need-based programs of financial aid, New Mexico’s commitment to access results in a remarkably low tuition at the state’s public institutions of higher education. The experience of many state policy environments makes clear, however, that low tuition in itself does not guarantee access for students. Particularly in sparsely populated settings, where higher education institutions may be a considerable distance from a student’s home, the decision to attend college entails a number of financial commitments that low tuition in itself cannot help a student to meet. Need-based financial aid is a critical element for any state that seeks to enhance the participation of students who have limited financial means. One of the most notable developments during the past several years is the growth in programs that award aid on the basis of academic merit without regard for financial need. Georgia’s merit-based program of financial aid, Helping Outsta nding Pupils Educationally (HOPE), has proven to be a model for similar programs in other states. In New Mexico, the merit-based Lottery Success Scholarship Program has become enormously popular with voters, policymakers, and institutions alike. As with many other aspects of public policy, merit-based programs of financial aid tend to provide greatest benefit to members of the middle class. No elected public official can fail to perceive the political benefit of programs that are popular with the largest block of voters in a state. Merit-based aid programs exemplify a different policy objective from that of providing financial assistance to the most needy. A state’s motivation in providing such aid is to encourage more of its highest-achieving students to remain in the state-first by enrolling in its higher education institutions, and then, ideally, by choosing to live and work in the state after graduation, thus enhancing a state’s educational capital. Merit-based programs have certainly succeeded in attracting more of the highest-achieving students to pursue their baccalaureate degrees in their home state; in doing so, they have relieved many high-achieving, mostly middle-class students and their parents of  substantial costs they might otherwise have incurred in attending institutions out of state. Students of this type tend to have considerable mobility after graduation, however, and it is less clear whether merit-based programs encourage more of them to remain in a state after completing their degrees. Much of the controversy centers on the question of whether a state’s investment in merit-based financial aid occurs at the expense of its commitment to need-based aid. Most of those states that have invested in merit-based programs of aid during the past several years did not have strong historical commitments to need-based aid. In those cases, the introduction of merit-based aid has done no harm to students with greater financial need; in fact, some needy students have benefited because they qualify for the merit-based programs. In states that have begun to blend merit-based with need-based commitments, however, it often appears that the appeal of merit aid has diminished the perception of importance attached to need-based programs. Beyond the obvious political popularity of merit-based aid, a state must ask whether such programs yield a long-term benefit of encouraging more of the best and brightest to remain in the state as workers and citizens. If the answer is no, the question then becomes whether the dollars expended in merit-based programs might be more effectively spent enhancing programs that enable more of those with greatest financial ne ed to attend college. 4. What role does the state interface agency-typically either a higher education governing or coordinating board-play to ensure that a state’s higher education institutions contribute effectively to the achievement of public purposes? To what extent is institutional mission a factor in determining the responsibilities of institutions in fulfilling public purposes? Nearly every state in the United States has one or more agencies that serve as intermediaries between a state’s lawmakers and its higher education institutions. The level of authority vested in a state interface agency varies: some states have a governing board with regulatory authority over public institutions, others a coordinating board that serves in primarily steering and oversight capacities. The notable exception to this rule is the four-year sector in Michigan, which has no formal interface agency. Michigan’s public universities rely on a council of presidents to achieve a unified approach in de aling with the state’s lawmakers. While presidents of four-year universities stand in accord on many issues, each  institution appeals individually to the Legislature and governor in the state’s budget process, and the amount of funding each institution receives is a direct function of its historical allocation, modestly adjusted by lobbying efforts. A state higher education interface agency can help reduce the inherent competition among public colleges and universities. In addition, an effective governing or coordinating board can play a vital role in making a state’s system of higher education more efficient, more successful, and more accountable in terms of educational performance. The interface agency itself must be accountable both to the public purposes a state has defined and to the needs of higher education institutions within the system it serves. An effective interface agency can encourage collaboration among institutions; it can work in behalf of all colleges and universities to influence s tate government; and it can gather and provide information that documents changes in performance. One of the key roles a governing or coordinating board plays is that of providing information that influences decision making both in state government and in individual institutions. The information disseminated by an interface agency can contribute substantially to the effectiveness of the state’s higher education system, helping to sustain the interest of institutional leaders and policymakers in performance. The periodic distribution of comparative data helps sharpen and renew public officials’ understanding of the purposes a state seeks to achieve through its higher education institutions, while also reminding institutional leaders of the criteria that measure an institution’s performance. Indeed, the international perspective of the AIHEPS project makes clear that the presence or absence of information in a given environment is itself a policy issue. One of the major differences between higher education environments in the United States and Mexico is the availability of information for evaluative or strategic purposes. In Mexico, the scarcity of information and the fact that most data are controlled by institutions often impede the work of improving the performance of higher education systems. While the gathering and distribution of information are important functions of an interface agency, these roles in themselves will not ensure improvement in the performance of a state’s higher education system. An interface agency cannot be effective if it is a political weakling; it needs some measure of authority to motivate the behavior of  institutions toward desired ends, whether in the form of incentives or simply the consistent support of sensible decisions by the governor and Legislature. Certainly, the amount of resources available to an interface agency is an important part of the equation; no statewide board can hope to be effective if it lacks sufficient funding and staff. Ideally, the effectiveness of an interface agency rests on its power to influence elected policymakers and to craft policies and incentives that make the achievement of a state’s policy goals fall within the self-interest of institutions themselves. The interface agency often plays a central role in devising appropriate measures of institutional accountability that help to ensure compliance with a state’s policy objectives for higher education. Even though expenditures for higher education now constitute a smaller share of state budgets, state support of higher education has grown in real dollars during the past two decades, and public officials naturally seek to ensure that the dollars invested yield discernible results. In some settings, a state’s drive for institutional accountability has led to confrontations over such matters as faculty productivity or the assessment of student learning. The interface agency plays a critical role in any successful effort to conjoin public officials’ press for accountability with higher education’s traditions of autonomy in the means of fulfilling its educational mission. An interface agency can help create accountability measures that provide a meaningful index of progress in meeting a state’s goals for higher education. It can also ensure that credible reports of performance reach legislators and the general public on a timely basis. A state governing or co ordinating board is by definition an agency that provides both support of and guidance to institutions as they pursue their individual strategic goals. Governing boards of individual colleges and universities can easily become captives of an institution’s own ambitions, advocating those particular interests even at the expense of achieving broader state policy objectives. While affording institutions some measure of protection from the fluctuations of state politics, the interface agency helps ensure that individual institutions evolve in directions that are consistent with state policy goals. One of the issues an interface agency can help address is the degree to which institutional mission should be a factor in the question of accountability to a state’s public purposes.  Successful degree completion, for example, is a goal that has meaning to every higher education institution. But should every institution be held equally accountable to a single graduation rate? Because institutions with different missions may serve different kinds of student populations, holding every institution equally accountable to a particular measure may prove neither efficient nor desirable. At the same time, institutional mission can easily come to reflect an institution’s aspiration to grow in directions that do not meet the greatest public need. Just as a state’s expectations of higher education change over time, mission often becomes a moving target, changing to accommodate the institution’s internally driven goals-such as implementing more selective undergraduate admissions, establishing graduate programs, or expanding sponsored research programs-even if those purposes are fulfilled elsewhere in a state’s higher education system. The interface agency plays a critical role in facilitating a sustained interaction between a state’s policymakers and its higher education institutions. In so doing, it helps ensure the continued strength and adaptability of policies to which all institutions are held accountable. No higher education institution that benefits from public funding should get an automatic â€Å"pass† on its obligation to help fulfill the public agenda, but a state should not expect every institution to achieve particular purposes in the same way. Finally, it is fitting that a state should seek to hold institutions accountable for the â€Å"what† but certainly not the â€Å"how† of achieving public purposes. 5. What steps has a state taken to build the infrastructure and encourage higher education institutions to collaborate-with one another, with K-12 schools, with business and industry-in order to foster the goal of improved preparation as well as economic development? State policymakers play a key role in creating an environment that fosters collaboration between higher education institutions and other agents in areas that effect economic and civic vitality. As major stakeholders, colleges and universities contribute to and depend on the educational and economic well-being of a state’s population. The development of more concerted partnerships between these institutions and K-12 schools is a key element in improving students’ preparation for higher education study-and ultimately in increasing the number of students who pursue postsecondary education. By the same token, higher education’s partnerships with business and industry can contribute  substantially to th e benefits that a higher education confers. States in attractive geographic locations with fair climates can reap an educational and economic advantage simply because they draw many of the best and brightest from other settings. States that do not enjoy this advantage, however, must develop strategies to encourage higher education institutions to work with schools and other agencies, helping to maximize both college participation and the economic benefits higher education provides to a state’s population. Colleges and universities have the capacity to improve both measures by working in conjunction with a state’s primary and secondary schools as their principal supplier of students, as well as with business leaders, who employ substantial numbers of their graduates. A state’s most promising strategy in fostering collaboration is to create a framework and statewide incentives that help coordinate local initiatives. In this, as in other dimensions of achieving a state’s public purposes, the levers of policy can help make collaboration with other stakeholders seem to be in the best interests of higher education institutions themselves. Part of a state’s challenge in promoting collaboration between higher education and K-12 institutions is to overcome substantial cultural barriers that exist between the two domains. Finally, the incentives a state creates for increased collaboration must be built on both sides, so that public schools and higher education institutions find their own interests served by working together. In general, it is community colleges as well as comprehensive universities with strong commitments to training teachers that are most highly attuned to the challenges of K-12 schools, and to the evolving set of skills that business and industry leaders seek in their workforce. It is also true that the more numerous the expectations a state places on its higher education institutions, the easier it becomes for institutions to escape responsibility for those goals they find less conducive to their own ambitions. States must create conditions that make it compelling for higher education institutions to work with K-12 schools in improving students’ preparation for college. Equally important is a state’s role in fostering institutional partnerships with business and industry to help maximize the benefits that higher education confers to a state’s residents. If institutions choose not to participate in the achievement of such purposes, states must devise means of encou raging compliance. A state that lacks the  means or the will to define and pursue its public priorities effectively accords its public institutions open license to pursue goals of their own choosing, with minimal regard to a state’s public purposes.

Analysis of soviet agents plotting to ruin unity essays

Analysis of soviet agents plotting to ruin unity essays Analysis of Soviet Agents Plotting to Ruin Unity, Defenses of Americas In June of 1950, Will Lissner wrote an informative article on the Soviets plan to break the American defenses via Central America, more specifically Guatemala. Lissners article presents these Soviet diplomats as having a foot in the door in Americas homeland, in the inevitable war. The war this refers to is the one the Soviets were patiently awaiting to wage with America and its Allies. Lissner starts immediately creating a dark cloud regarding the Soviet regime. He states that they are ...penetrating into American defenses in the strategic Panama Canal region, and shattering continental unity. The reason for this is that the Soviets will have broken our lines before they were formed in the inevitable war that they talk about. He talks about the Soviets starting Communist rallies, depicting them as hostile, devious, and conniving people who have but one thing in mind, which is turning these people against their country. This piece is only the first of six dispatches on Soviet penetration, simply showing that the Communist party in this Central American ally of ours is not only a wrong-doing political party, but in fact is an extension of the Soviet Government itself, having intensions of reaching into a countrys political system and gaining power. Lissner wants to show that should the Soviets, through their Communist party, gain political influence in a Republic in Central America, what could/ would they do with it? Lastly, I would like to note that this article appears on the front page of the New York Times, the most widely circulated paper in the U.S. This six part series will demonstrate the possible dangers to a Republic, where a Communist party is allowed to exist. Surely any American who reads this article may be tempted to make the connection that a Commun...

Existentialism and Human Nature Essays

Existentialism and Human Nature Essays Existentialism and Human Nature Essay Existentialism and Human Nature Essay Absolute individualism and absolute freedom: the footing of all existentialist statements. The existentialist’s constructs arise from their held positions that since we are all finally alone. we have absolute freedom over our nature. Existentialists emphasize the free and witting self which opponents invariably onslaught. crying that there is a higher power enabling our consciousness. But are worlds so simple? Can things be explained entirely on faulting ourselves or another being for our nature? The existential philosopher by and large believes in a exclusive being ; intending that we are entirely in the universe. and that we have no 1 but ourselves. They besides believe in the human being’s capacity to experience more than one sort of hurting. and that there are three different degrees to our hurting. physical. psychological. and emotional. All of these types of hurting can do us to go irrational and dying. But are we truly dying because of this hurting. or is it because we finally experience entirely? And if we are all persons. can we truly experience the same sort of hurting as person else? Existence precedes kernel is besides dominant in the head and ideas of the existential philosopher. That is. the thought that we are born into this universe without a preset nature. and merely subsequently in life do we determine out nature through actions and picks. This opposes the traditional position that is that kernel precedes being. harmonizing to which we are seen as holding a intent. and values. all of which is determined before birth. ( I personally think that the thought of kernel predating being is instead vague. There is no manner that our values and aim can be determined by familial codification. Deoxyribonucleic acid is what we are. non who we are. ) Existentialists pose another inquiry to the resistance: how can we be happy in a universe devoid of significance and significance? The loss of external values allows us to deduce value from within ourselves. This value is greater than any imposed by outside forces. and therefore can non be taken off from said beginnings. Although many human existences live a life devoid of true felicity. it does non intend that we are incapable of achieving such a end. If a individual finds the significance for their life. whether it be one significance. or many. there is a big opportunity that they can accomplish such a Utopia without acknowledging outside influences. Peoples of different point of views follow different methods. every bit good as believe in different forces that shape our nature. It is in my sentiment. every bit good as that of the existential philosopher. that we shape our ain nature through determinations and actions made by our ain free will ; that we are finally free to move independently from the influences of outside forces. That we can finally disregard the positions imposed on us. and accomplish a sustainable degree of felicity in the procedure. Human nature is a frail thing ; people are merely looking for person else to fault for their actions and for who they are. even when there isn’t any. Therefore. there is no 1 to fault for who we are. but ourselves.

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 17

Sociology - Essay Example In addition, research based on self-report is vulnerable to the social factors affecting both the availability of research participants and their willingness to respond to researchers questions (Lee 15). On the other hand, ethnographic field work is a more comprehensive way of conducting qualitative research. In fact, it is a part of a documentary research. Nevertheless, the setting dictates when documentary research is more useful than ethnographic field work. When a researcher studies a contemporary organization, documentary research is a necessity since records such as financial statements, employee records, and other primary written sources play a role in completing the investigation. In conclusion, documentary research complements other research methods and can stand alone only if data is needed. Silverman, D. ( 2004 ). Qualitative Research : Method, Theory and Practice. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=v6X7SolgXVUC&p g=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq =ethnographic+fieldwork+vs+documentary&source=bl&ots=9hOGQsBwBG&sig=T3I02Apvvdx1VqRKVjHrBOpoqRA&hl=en&ei=-gNlS9S0CI6OkQXon6jUCg&sa=X&oi=book_ result&ct=result&resnum =5&ved =0CBoQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=&f=false on Jan 15,

Introduction to the Universe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Introduction to the Universe - Essay Example Scientists use these properties to deduce the internal structure of the earth. The study of the interior of the earth uses seismic waves. They are P-waves and S-waves. P-waves are longitudinal and, thus, they can travel through solids and liquids. S-waves are transverse. Thus, they can only travel through solids. P-waves also travel faster than S-waves. Geologists use these properties to study the internal structure of the earth. When the seismic waves pass through different layers, they get refracted. The same waves undergo reflection when they hit hard surfaces at certain angles. Seismometers located at various parts of the earth record the occurrence and properties of the seismic waves. The data can then be analyzed to ascertain the properties of the elements of the earth’s interior. In the analysis, the data recorded by seismometers is used to determine the distribution of P-waves and S-waves. In a region where the seismometers detect P-waves but not S-waves, it can be inferred that molten materials must have intercepted the S-waves. Thus, geologist s use known properties of waves to study the internal structure of the earth (Indiana.edu). Atoms have negative electrons that orbit around a nucleus that is positively charged. The nucleus has electrically neutral neutrons and positively charged protons. An atom has equal protons in the nucleus as the number of orbiting electrons. An atom in such a state is said to be electrically neutral. The protons determine the element that the atom represents. Bohr’s atom model was an early attempt that explained how atoms produce absorption and emission line spectra. An atom’s normal condition is when it possesses minimum energy at ground state. An orbiting electron can escape from the atom when given enough energy that is then termed as ionized. An atom can also absorb an atom from neighboring atoms. Between the atom and ion states, the electron

Research Paper and Power Point on Artist Claude Monet

And Power Point on Artist Claude Monet - Research Paper Example Monet got born in 1840 in Paris but got raised in the Normandy region. He was the second born to his father Claude Adolphe Monet and mother Louise Justine Aubree Monet. His parents were second generation Parisians (Whiting 8). His father worked in the family’s shipping business while his mother was a housewife who took care of the family. His mother was also a trained singer who liked poetry and was also a very popular hostess. His family relocated to the Normandy region when he was aged 5 years. Monet developed his love for drawing at an early age through his interest for being outside than confined in a classroom. His mother greatly supported his artistic pursuit while his father wanted him to join the family business. Upon his mother’s death in 1857, Monet suffered greatly (Katilina & Brodskaya 50). Monet became well known in the community for drawing many of his town’s resident as well as for his caricatures. Monet started to develop a liking for the natural world in his works when he met a local landscape artist in Eugene Boudin. Boudin was influential in introducing Monet to outdoor painting also known as plein air painting, which eventually formed the basis of his works. Monet moved to Paris in 1859 to pursue his artistic dream where he enrolled at the Academic Suisse as a student(Katilina & Brodskaya 22) . His enrollment was also fuelled by the works of the Barbizon painters earlier in the century who showed close observation and great naturalistic representation in their works. His time as a student at the institution led him to meet Camille Pissarro, a fellow artist who became his close friend for years. The years 1861-1862 saw him serve in the military in Algiers, Algeria where he got discharged for poor health. His return to studies in Paris saw him meet other a rtists in Alfred Sisley, Frederic Bazille, and Auguste Renoir. The four developed an artistic friendship. Monet also worked

Use of Imagery in Oliver Parkers Othello Essay Example for Free

Use of Imagery in Oliver Parkers Othello Essay The symbolism with the chess pieces is very relevant to the issues of the play. It is used to symbolize Iagos control over the main characters. Othello, Desdemona and Cassio and represented by a black king, white queen and white knight respectively. When Iago has finished his soliloquy, he drops the pieces into water. This is done to symbolize the inevitable demise of all 3 characters. The first time we see the chess pieces they are alone on the middle of chessboard with Iago looking over them. This symbolizes Iagos control over the situation and how he is the instigator of the tragedy. This is the major event of symbolism in the movie, however, there are some other examples: The scene with Iago and Othello on the beach is another subtler example of symbolism. The camera shot shows Iago in the lead being followed by Othello. This is symbolic of the way that Iago is leading Othello along, only letting him know so much that he desires more so he hangs on every word Iago says. Camera shots are also used effectively in Othellos return to Venice scene, where he is riding on his horse, fully clad in his battle armor. This is when Othello is at his most noble, his most heroic. The camera shot makes him appear higher than everybody else; giving the impression that he is above them. From this scene on, Othello falls further and further into Iagos trap. The director Oliver Parker uses sexual imagery effectively. It is most prevalent in the scene where Othello is imagining Desdemona and Cassio making love. The scene shows Othello looking helpless and then it quickly flashes to Desdemona and Cassio and then back to Othello. The speed at which the pictures change increases to such a point that it symbolizes the madness Othello is slipping into. At the end, the camera focuses on Desdemona and Cassio as they look into the camera and laugh, as if mocking Othello. Othello falls into an epileptic fit soon after. Before Othello begins having his visions, Iago is once again whispering into his ear. Whenever Iago is lying to Othello, he whispers in his ear. This symbolizes Iago as a devil-like being. Colour and lighting imagery also symbolize the issues of the play. Before  Othello begins to go mad, he generally wears black clothing. When he is about to kill Desdemona, he is wearing a white cape. This is imagery symbolizes a death shroud. Lighting is also used in the scene where Othello kills Desdemona. When Othello is walking down the hallway to Desdemonas bedroom, he is standing in the shadows, blowing out the candles along the way. This symbolizes his transition from: light to darkness, good to evil or sanity to insanity.

Edgar Allan Poe and His Works Essay -- Stories of Edgar Allan Poe

Thesis: Edgar Allan Poe was one of the most influential, yet misunderstood writers in American Literature. I. His Early Life A. His Adoption B. His Education II. His Later Life A. Books Published B. Military Life III. The Conclusion of His Life A. His Marriage B. His Death IV. His Works V. What Others Thought Of Him Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer, known as a poet and critic but most famous as the first master of the short story form, especially tales of the mysterious and macabre. Since his early death, the literary qualities of Poe's writings have been disputed, but his works have remained popular and he influenced many major American and European writers. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned in his early childhood and was raised by John Allan, a successful businessman of Richmond, Virginia. Taken by the Allan family to England at the age of six, Poe was enrolled in a private school. Upon returning to the United States in 1820, he continued to study in private schools. He attended the University of Virginia for a year, but in 1827 his foster father, displeased by the young man's drinking and gambling, refused to pay his debts and forced Poe to work as a bookkeeper. (Anderson, 9-22). Poe quit this job, which infuriated John Allan. Poe then left and moved to Boston. There he published his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems. After this, Poe enlisted in the U.S. Army and served a two-year term. Poe published his second book of poems, Al Araaf in 1829. Poe then reunited with Allan, who obtained him an appointment to the U.S. Military Academy. After only a few months at the academy, Poe was dismissed for neglect of duty, and John Allan disowned him permanently (Anderson, 23-34). P... ...nius." (Regan, 1) While some loved him, others despised him; almost all recognized the value of his works. WORKS CITED Anderson, Madelyn Klein. Edgar Allan Poe: A Mystery. New York: Justin Books, Ltd., 1993 Buranelli, Vincent. Edgar Allan Poe. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1961 The Collected Poems and Tales of Edgar Allan Poe. New York: The Modern Library, 1992. Complete Stories and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, Inc, 1966. Fisher, Benjamin F. The Cambridge Introduction to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Print. Kesterson, David B., ed. Critics on Poe. Coral Gables: University of Miami Press, 1973. Regan, Robert, ed. Poe. A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc, 1967. Stoudt, Ashley, ed. "An Edgar Allan Poe Reader". State Street Press, 2000.

One of the Most Important Discoveries Is Mineral Oil

Mineral oil had been discovered a long time ago but it was not known how to use it, until 1892. Rudolf Diesel invented diesel fuel to be used in engines. Now, diesel fuel is used worldwide. Mineral oil includes many different compositions; therefore, many kinds of products which bring many benefits to people are made from mineral oil such as gas, petrol, lubricant, tar and so on. Mineral oil has been used in many fields of life. First of all, gas, a light component of mineral oil (from C1 to C4), is used widely in daily life, especially, in creating electricity.Therefore, this power is exploited by most of countries to provide electricity to people. Although, there are many sources of power such as nuclear energy, solar energy or waterpower and so on, they cannot replace gas because it is hard to produce such sources of energy and their cost is expensive.. Moreover, gas is an important fuel, which is used in the family to cook and to keep warm in the winter. Most of the countries in Europe depend on this power source. Consumption for gas is 100m3 a person a year (2008).Therefore, gas is a necessary fuel that is used in daily life. Second, petrol, a heavy component of mineral oil (from C6 to C10), is used a lot in industry; it is an important fuel that is used essentially in the transportation industry, such as in airports, shipping, road travel, rail travel and so on. Most engines use this fuel. We also recognize the importance of this fuel in American transportation. Petrol is used 70 to 100 per cent (2007). Each person uses, on average, twenty-five cans of petrol for his vehicle a year.The Vietnamese used fourteen million tons in 2007. Therefore, petrol is very important and necessary in our lives. The heavy component of mineral oil makes other products: tar, candle wax, lubricants, and so on. They are useful and many countries use it. For example, a lubricant is used to prreserve energy by decreasing temperature. Tar is used to build infrastructure on roads, bridges, and so on. Finally, mineral oil is also an essential resource of some countries, especial some Middle East countries.These countries depend only on this source to develop their resources in exporting. In summary, discovering mineral oil was a great success of human beings because it brought many advantages to people. Although there are many other sources of energy used, they do not replace mineral oil. Mineral oil is a valuable resource; therefore, we must know how to correctly use it in order to bring welfare to people but not lose the balance in our ecological environment by pollution.

Why Torture Is a Good Thing

Why Torture is a Good Thing. Recently the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi has come under fire for comments she made about torture, once again bringing the topic of torture back into the national spotlight. There are so many different sides to the debate on whether our government should or should not allow torture in the integration of suspected Al Qaeda members currently locked up in the United States military prison located in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.There are those people who say that nothing good ever comes out of integration that uses anything that could be torture, but the truth is that is some of where our best intelligence in the War on Terror has come from the use of harsh integrating techniques. There are many different forms of intergation method that are uses by our government that have been called torture by those wishing to prevent them from happening. Our government loosly defines torture as any method of intergation that does not leave any physical d amage to the person that it is being used upon, there is nothing there about harsh intergation technique.There are many different forms of intergation tactects that are uses that have been called torture, but these methods do not physical harm nor to they leave any long term physical injures. The United States government does not use many of the traditional torture techniques that many foreign governments and Al Qaeda use; such as beatings, electric shock, and starvation. Waterboarding is one of the biggest intergation that has come under attack. Water boarding is preformed by tieing a person down with his feet raised above his head, then covering his mouth and nose.Finaly water is poured over there persons face, all this causes the mind to believe that the person is drowning. Even though no physical harm comes to the person; this technique is one of the most criticized forms of harsh integration techniques used. Water boarding is preformed on our own solders to prepare them for wha t they might have to live through if they are captured on the battle fields. Another form of integration techniques that is currently used is sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation is not allowing the body to sleep enough, through the use of loud music or forcing the victim to stand.By not allowing the body to sleep it allows the mind to become weak and less defensive when being questioned, leaving the prisoners less likely to lie when questioned. Another technique that is used is the use of stress positions, which is placing a person in a position that becomes uncomfortable after a long period of time, such as standing, or kneeling for periods of up to four hours, no long term effects are caused by this. The pain that is felt is very real and at times very intense but it is gone as soon as they are allowed out of the stress positions. No long term damage has ever been cause by the use of stress positions.The critics of these harsh integration techniques call it torture, but they say nothing about what our men and women have been put through by foreign governments and foreign fighters through our history, and it still happening today. Many foreign countries use physical beatings to gather information, they have gone as far as breaking bones, and many times have beaten the victim to death. Al Qaeda and the Taliban have used these tactics along with beheadings of prisoners to try to scare our fighters, as well innocent civilians that Al Qaeda has kidnapped, since the beginning of the War on Terror. Where is the out cry from the world over that?All we are doing is trying to prevent another attack on our country. Some of the best intelligence we have gotten since the start of the War on Terror has come from the use of harsh integration techniques. The American government has stopped several terrorism attacks since the attack on September eleventh. 2001. Some of these would have been worse than that tragic September day, and how were these attacks prevented, by the u se of harsh integration techniques. The captured Al Qaeda and Taliban fighters are well trained and very loyal to the cause. Our government has tried normal integration techniques to no avail.These captured men would not talk until the use of these integration techniques was introduced. Once introduced many of these captured fighters broke and gave away plans that otherwise would have not come out. There is no other way to keep our country safe, other methods have been tried and have failed. Our government uses many techniques that may boarder on torture to gather information and to prevent another terrorist attack. In a perfect world there would be no use for many of these harsh integration techniques that are currently being employed by our government against Al Qaeda and the Taliban fighters.But unfortunately we do not live in a perfect world. Until Al Qaeda gives ups its desire to see America destroyed we need to what we can and we must continue to use these harsh integration te chniques. Our government does not view the use of sleep deprivation, water boarding, and stress positions; they are far more humane than what Americans soldiers have gone through by foreign governments when captured. The only way to keep America safe is to continue to use these intergation techniques until the threat possed by Al Qaeda is gone

Alternatives to the Clean Water Dilemma essays

Alternatives to the Clean Water Dilemma essays Alternatives to the Clean Water Dilemma Because of our increasing populations around the world, more and more of our clean drinking water is being used and contaminated. The world needs to take action immediately. Implementing one plan will not save our drinking water, but instead several different things need to come in to effect to preserve the world's clean drinking water. One alternative we have is to make people implement a wastewater garden in their homes and businesses. A wastewater garden is a garden made up of specially chosen plants and soils that can dispose of our harmful wastes in a totally non-harmful way. The way it works is all of the greywater from washing machines, showers, tubs and sinks will drain into a holding tank, where the small amounts of oils are separated out. Blackwater from toilet waste can also go into the tank given proper treatment first. The wastewater is then pumped into the garden where the plants will essentially eat, drink and breathe away the contaminants found in the wastewater. Certain kinds of plants "purify" the contaminants into useful energy while clean water evaporates. All that is leftover from the wastewater is plant biomass, evaporated water, carbon dioxide and heat. When the plants are harvested they can be composted, used or even sold for profit. Plants such as bamboo and holly work very well i n a wastewater garden. The evaporated water and heat can be recaptured to offer a clean source of pure distilled water and for heating air or water. One option for creating a wastewater garden is to use a greenhouse, which will cause higher temperatures and can help heat your house (Waste 1-3). This alternative would probably be a pretty expensive and labor intensive project to set up, but once it is set up there is not much upkeep except to maintain the plants in the garden. Another alternative to this would be to have local communities set up large wastewater gardens to...

Rhetorical situation and solution to a business

Rhetorical situation and solution to a business Executive summary This report intensively addresses the challenge related to use of social media in businesses. Research studies have documented that there are quite a number of business organizations that are unable to properly manage their social media sites. Due to inefficient and ineffective business management strategies, many users of social networks have become victims of privacy violations.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Rhetorical situation and solution to a business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The use of, or viewing of personal materials without express permission from the copyright owner is a violation that demeans intellectual property. Due to lack of thorough regulation, many internet users especially in sites like Nazsa-Klasa, XING, Facebook and Twitter have tremendously violated privacy laws (Basu 49). Lack of strict regulation may be due to the fact that most governments and management teams ha ve given the issue of violation of privacy a laissez-faire approach. The effects seen in escalating infringements of privacy is a clear show of failure of social media managers (Hader Brown 270). Proper strategies should be instituted, laws against violations tightened and free flow of information managed. This report aims at evaluating possible solutions to this lack of privacy, a problem generated by lack of well established security measures by social media business owners. The following criteria will be used to evaluate possible solutions: Is the solution practical? Is it cost effective? Will it enhance privacy and promote positive behaviour? To research on this problem, secondary data collection method was applied to gather reliable and informative materials. From the findings, the following solutions were proposed: Control of free flow of information Enhancing security and laws Introduction Aim The aim of this report is to evaluate possible solutions in business management challenges in social media. The objective intends to determine the management issues that have contributed to lack of privacy in social media sites such as Facebook, twitter and MySpace.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The report intends to provide the social media companies and governments with recommendation in order to minimize the negative aspects of encroachment on privacy. Background It may prove difficult to draw clear difference between infringement of personal privacy and fair usage of social media due to the availability and ease with online materials can be accessed at any given time (Hader Brown 270). One may not know which video files, songs or pictures to upload and use without permission. As such, many social media sites users have found themselves using, distributing, sharing and accessing private materials online (Palfrey 6). Research studies hav e attributed this to failure in the role of the manager of social media companies such as Facebook, twitter and YouTube to protect themselves and their users from infringement of privacy. According to the studies carried out by recent empirical researchers, loss of privacy can be minimized by designing an End User License Agreement (EULA), a term of service that will to some level, control loss of privacy especially on copyright infringement (Basu 52; Hader Brown 270). Tackling this management problem will save social media companies from heavy losses due to payment of huge fines for any form of privacy infringed. Additionally, it will save the image of social media sites from severe damage linked to sites where the rate of infringement of privacy is high. The use of, or viewing of personal materials without express permission from the owner is a violation that demeans intellectual property of the owner (Palfrey 11). Due to lack of thorough regulation, many internet users especiall y in sites like facebook have tremendously violated privacy laws. Lack of strict regulation may be due to the fact that most governments and management teams have given the issue of violation of privacy a laissez-faire approach (Hader Brown 273). This has immensely contributed to increase in violation of privacy. On the same note, distribution of private materials in the internet has become commonplace (Palfrey 14). Theft, unauthorized access to materials of other internet users and distribution of illegal copyrighted materials like movies, music, photographs, literature and games have tremendously increased (Hader Brown 272). Modern technology has necessitated sharing and uploading files in social networks. A bigger portion of the uploaded and shared materials infringes on copyright and privacy.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Rhetorical situation and solution to a business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Scope This report aims at evaluating possible solutions to lack of privacy, a problem generated by lack of well established security measures by social media business owners. Plan This report will highlight the main causes of violation of privacy in social media. Additionally, it will discuss possible solutions from the findings and provide practical recommendations that will aid the management of social media companies in devising solutions to privacy issues. Research plan and methodology In order to thoroughly investigate and analyse failure of social media businesses to protect the privacy of their customers and provide solutions, the information used for this research was gathered from primary and secondary data. Information from secondary data came from books, journals, literature materials and magazines. The researcher used literature sources to examine social media business, their characteristics, main debates and challenges that tend to face them in their operations. Primary data was collected from focus groups which included social media business owners and customers or user of social media sites through the use of questionnaires, individual depth interviews and group interviews. Secondary data was obtained from two broad methods. These included quantitative and qualitative methods. The former comprised of various databases which contained information privacy infringement especially with regard to social media. Some of the resource materials for quantitative analysis of this research study included published books, peer reviewed journals, newspapers, magazines and credible websites. In conducting interviews, respondents were picked at random. The questions that were asked included: How does it make you feel to know that social media sites do not fully offer privacy to their customers? Where do you think the problem lies? Will improving privacy affect your business? As a customer, if the problem persists, what would be your own solution to safeguard your p rivacy? Findings and discussions According to the interviews conducted, results indicated that infringement of privacy in social media sites has become commonplace today. This, they pointed out, is due to free flow and access of information and files. As such, accessing owners’ files has increased to a point where individuals encroach on the privacy of others.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Besides, another result from the interview indicated that many people enjoyed services given by social media businesses through social sites in the sense that those sites offered users opportunities to connect in almost every area in life. Indeed, these sites have numerous benefits that touch both social and economic sectors. It gives the user the access to the intrinsic value of the social world (Palfrey 17). This is practical in the sense that if you have a brand or an organization, and a potential researcher sees your profile, can easily access you (Basu 49). Moreover, other results indicated that the use of or viewing of individuals’ materials without express permission from the owner is a violation that demeans intellectual property of the owner. The respondents argued that due to lack of thorough regulation, many internet users, especially in sites like facebook have tremendously violated privacy laws. They indicated the problem was lack of strict regulation on access a nd use of materials. This may be due to the fact that most governments and social media business management teams have given the issue of violation of privacy a laissez-faire approach (Palfrey 9). The action of uploading and sharing this material privately or publicly violates copyright. It amounts to theft and piracy, which is infringement of a person’s right through prohibited manufacture of copyright work and selling to other people. Valuable products have been produced through Facebook, and distributed across the internet. Evaluative criteria In seeking the best solution to the business problem discussed, the following criteria will be used to weigh against possible solutions. Is the solution practical? The solution to the business management problem must be practical and achievable by considering capabilities of the business and the personalities of individuals whose privacy has been violate. Is it cost effective? In terms of managing the cost of improving their syst ems to enhance security, a social media business needs to have finances that can effectively cover the cost. A cheaper solution is critical in a situation where a business needs to save money. Will it enhance privacy and promote positive behaviour? The solution must ensure privacy, change the behaviour of social site users and be above criticism. Overview of possible solutions Control free flow of information Apart from the many benefits of social media, it carries with it negatives aspects that include provision of room for infringement of privacy of users. From the findings, this is due to the free flow of materials across the internet. It is therefore important that social media business companies formulate plans and methods that will ensure that they control and regulate materials that are released through their sites. Security The use of or viewing of individuals’ materials without express permission from the owner is a violation that demeans intellectual property of t he owner. Due to insecurity in form of hacking and accessing private files, many internet users, especially in sites like facebook have had their privacy tremendously violated. It is imperative that the management of social sites as well as the governments devise appropriate methods of dealing with violators of privacy. Laws There is need for laws on privacy and security in the social sites be increased and strictly observed. Besides, the government should come up with effective laws that will ensure that those who violate other peoples’ privacy are apprehended and punished. Inasmuch as internet service business providers are being given security, they should be held responsible for transmitting or storing infringing contents a user decides to upload, keep or share without the knowledge of the knowledge company Evaluation of solutions against criteria Is the solution practical? Controlling free flow of information by social media business can be attained. This is easily attai nable since social media businesses are in full control of their systems and as such, they can implement changes and follow them up to ensure their effectiveness. Besides, their systems create capabilities that can regulate flow of information. Through these capabilities, social media business can improve security measures, thus maintain customer satisfaction, achieved overall strategic goals and increased their service processes (Raab 34). In terms of security, social media business can use their capabilities through information technology, to manage, combine organizational knowledge, integrate technology and coordinate efforts toward enhancing user security (Raab 34). This will ensure that their customers’ privacy is well protected. Additionally, more strict laws on violation of privacy should be created by governments and social media businesses top protect social media users. Is it cost effective? In terms of managing the cost of improving their systems to enhance securit y, social media businesses have finances that can effectively cover the cost. Today, social media businesses have their streams of technologies integrated and diverse service production coordinated (Raab 34). Through this, it streamlines its cost and enhances customers’ perceived value and creates new sites that are competitively unique. Will it enhance privacy and promote positive behaviour? Regulating free flow of information, enhancing the security of social media site users and creating strict laws against violation of individuals’ privacy will enhance privacy. Implementing the aforementioned critical changes will indeed be a turning point to positive behaviour by users. Enhancing security systems and controlling free flow of information will deny users access to personal materials and hence reduce incidences of violations. Recommendations The conclusion that is derived from evaluating possible solutions indicates that it is necessary to combine the possible soluti ons to attain privacy of users and reduce violations. Therefore, the following recommendations are necessary to be implemented: Social media business companies to formulate plans and methods that will ensure that they control and regulate materials that are released through their sites Management of social sites as well as governments to devise appropriate methods of dealing with violators of privacy. Governments should come up with effective laws that will ensure that those who violate other peoples’ privacy are apprehended and punished. The government should come up with better ways to handle this form of intellectual property violation. It should avail funds for the government law enforcement departments both at the local and the state levels so that it is possible to investigate privacy infringements. Conclusions To sum up, it is imperative to note that the distribution of private materials in the internet has indeed become commonplace and a growing challenge to war aga inst intellectual property violation. Theft, unauthorized access to materials of other internet users and distribution of illegal copyright materials like movies, music, photographs, literature and games have tremendously increased. Modern technology has also necessitated sharing and uploading files in social networks. A bigger portion of the uploaded and shared materials infringes on copyright. Therefore, as the report has analysed, this can be attributed to social media business management challenge which has become slack in offering protection to users as well as in controlling the flow of information in the internet. As a matter of fact, while social media have accelerated business growth especially among organisations with online presence, the challenge posed by the use of this modern age communication tool is proving to be a growing managerial concern. Basu, Choton. Quest for Universal Identification A Commentary. Journal of Information Privacy Security 5.3 (2009): 44-54. H ader, Amy Brown, Evan. Patient Privacy and Social Media. AANA Journal 78.4 (2010): 270-274. Palfrey, John. The challenge of developing effective public policy on the use of social media by Youth. Federal Communications Law Journal 63.1 (2010): 5-18. Raab, David. Marketing Systems for Online Media: If a single common problem threatens the outbound campaign systems, its the need to handle unstructured data. Information Management 20.2 (2010): 34.